What inspectors are looking for
The 'personal development' judgement evaluates:
- Your school's intent to provide for the personal development of all pupils, and
- The quality with which you implement this work
Ofsted recognises that you often won't be able to assess the impact of your personal development provision while a pupil is at your school. For that reason, inspectors won't try to measure the impact of your provision on individual pupils.
Inspectors will check you're:
Developing:
- Responsible, respectful and active citizens who are able to play their part and become actively involved in public life as adults
- Pupils’ understanding of the fundamental British values of democracy, individual liberty, the rule of law and mutual respect and tolerance
- Pupils’ character, which Ofsted defines as a set of positive personal traits, dispositions and virtues that informs their motivation and guides their conduct so that they reflect wisely, learn eagerly, behave with integrity and cooperate consistently well with others
- Pupils’ confidence, resilience and knowledge so that they can keep themselves mentally healthy
- Pupils’ understanding of how to keep physically healthy, eat healthily and maintain an active lifestyle, including giving ample opportunities for pupils to be active during the school day and through extra-curricular activities
- Pupils’ age-appropriate understanding of healthy relationships through appropriate relationships and sex education
Promoting:
- Equality of opportunity so that all pupils can thrive together, understanding that difference is a positive, not a negative, and that individual characteristics make people unique
- An inclusive environment that meets the needs of all pupils, irrespective of age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion or belief, sex or sexual orientation
Enabling:
- Pupils to recognise online and offline risks to their wellbeing – for example, risks from criminal and sexual exploitation, domestic abuse, female genital mutilation, forced marriage, substance misuse, gang activity, radicalisation and extremism – and making them aware of the support available to them
- Pupils to recognise the dangers of inappropriate use of mobile technology and social media
Supporting:
- Readiness for the next phase of education, training or employment so that pupils are equipped to make the transition successfully
Providing secondary school pupils with:
- An effective careers programme in line with the government’s statutory guidance on careers advice that offers pupils:
- Unbiased careers advice
- Experience of work, and
- Contact with employers to encourage pupils to aspire, make good choices and understand what they need to do to reach and succeed in the careers to which they aspire
Where usual opportunities for development (for example, work experience schemes) have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, inspectors will look at whether you have found alternative approaches to providing development opportunities.
See paragraphs 291 and 308 of the inspection handbook for September 2022.
SMSC development is evaluated as part of the 'personal development' judgement
Here's what inspectors may look for in pupils related to each aspect of spiritual, moral, social and cultural (SMSC) development:
Spiritual development
- Ability to be reflective about their own beliefs (religious or otherwise) and perspective on life
- Knowledge of, and respect for, different people’s faiths, feelings and values
- Sense of enjoyment and fascination in learning about themselves, others and the world around them
- Use of imagination and creativity in their learning
- Willingness to reflect on their experiences
Moral development
- Ability to recognise the difference between right and wrong and to readily apply this understanding in their own lives, and to recognise legal boundaries and, in doing so, respect the civil and criminal law of England
- Understanding of the consequences of their behaviour and actions
- Interest in investigating and offering reasoned views about moral and ethical issues and ability to understand and appreciate the viewpoints of others on these issues
Social development
- Use of a range of social skills in different contexts – for example, working and socialising with other pupils, including those from different religious, ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds
- Willingness to participate in a variety of communities and social settings, including by volunteering, cooperating well with others and being able to resolve conflicts effectively
- Acceptance of and engagement with the fundamental British values of democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty and mutual respect and tolerance of those with different faiths and beliefs. They will develop and demonstrate skills and attitudes that will allow them to participate fully in and contribute positively to life in modern Britain
Cultural development
- Understanding and appreciation of the wide range of cultural influences that have shaped their own heritage and that of others
- Understanding and appreciation of the range of different cultures in the school and further afield as an essential element of their preparation for life in modern Britain
- Ability to recognise, and value, the things we share in common across cultural, religious, ethnic and socio-economic communities
- Knowledge of Britain’s democratic parliamentary system and its central role in shaping our history and values, and in continuing to develop Britain
- Willingness to participate in and respond positively to artistic, musical, sporting and cultural opportunities
- Interest in exploring, improving understanding of and showing respect for different faiths and cultural diversity and the extent to which they understand, accept, respect and celebrate diversity. This is shown by their respect and attitudes towards different religious, ethnic and socio-economic groups in the local, national and global communities
See paragraphs 299 to 303 of the inspection handbook (linked above).
Relationships and sex education (RSE)
The new curriculum became compulsory in September 2020. Inspectors will consider whether your RSE curriculum contributes to pupils' personal development as part of this judgement. Inspectors expect it to include:
- Sexual harassment, online abuse and sexual violence
- Consent and health relationships, both online and offline
- Online risks
If you're failing to meet your obligations, inspectors will consider this when reaching the personal development judgement.
See paragraphs 294 to 297 of the inspection handbook for more detail.
For further support, take a look at:
- Our article on the requirements for relationships, sex and health education (RSHE).
- Ofsted's guidance on inspecting the teaching of protected characteristics in schools
Download our list of questions about British values
Inspectors may ask staff, governors, and pupils about British values. Download this list of potential questions to help you get an idea of what to expect:
Grade descriptions
'Outstanding'
To achieve an 'outstanding' grade you must meet all the criteria for a 'good' grade securely and consistently.
You must also meet the following criteria:
- Personal development is exceptional
- You consistently promote the extensive personal development of your pupils. You go beyond the expected, so that pupils have access to a wide, rich set of experiences. Opportunities for pupils to develop their talents and interests are of exceptional quality
- There's a strong take-up by pupils of the opportunities provided. The most disadvantaged pupils consistently benefit from this excellent work
- You provide these rich experiences in a coherently planned way, in the curriculum and through extra-curricular activities, and they considerably strengthen your school’s offer
- The way you go about developing pupils’ character is exemplary and is worthy of being shared with others
'Good'
You'll be rated either 'good' or 'requires improvement' using a 'best fit' approach based on the inspector's professional judgement.
'Good' schools will:
- Provide high-quality pastoral support
- Provide a wide range of opportunities to nurture, develop and stretch pupils’ talents and interests. Pupils appreciate these and make good use of them
- Prepare pupils for life in modern Britain effectively, developing their understanding of the fundamental British values of democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty, tolerance and respect
- Promote equality of opportunity and diversity effectively
- Provide pupils with meaningful opportunities to understand how to be responsible, respectful, active citizens who contribute positively to society
- Work to enhance pupils' SMSC development, and this work is high quality
Your curriculum will:
- Extend beyond the academic, vocational or technical and provide for pupils’ broader development
- Support pupils to be confident, resilient and independent, and to develop strength of character
Pupils will:
- Engage with views, beliefs and opinions that are different from their own, in considered ways
- Show respect for the different protected characteristics as defined in law and not tolerate discrimination
- Know how to discuss and debate issues in a considered way
- Understand, appreciate and respect differences in the world and its people, celebrating things we share in common across cultural, religious, ethnic and socio-economic communities
- Know how to eat healthily, maintain an active lifestyle and keep physically and mentally healthy
- Have an age-appropriate understanding of healthy relationships
Secondary schools will:
- Prepare pupils for future success in education, employment or training. They use the Gatsby Benchmarks to develop and improve their careers provision and enable a range of education and training providers to speak to pupils in Years 8 to 13. All pupils receive unbiased information about potential next steps and high-quality careers guidance
- Provide good quality, meaningful opportunities for pupils to encounter the world of work
'Requires improvement'
- Personal development in the school is not good
'Inadequate'
Personal development is likely to be 'inadequate' if any of the following applies:
- A significant minority of pupils don't receive a wide, rich set of experiences
- Leaders and those responsible for governance:
- Through their words, actions or influence, directly and/or indirectly, undermine or fail to promote equality of opportunity in the school
- Aren't protecting pupils from radicalisation and extremist views. Policy and practice are poor, which means that pupils are at risk
- Are actively undermining fundamental British values
- Pupils or groups of pupils:
- Are discriminated against, and the school is not taking effective action to address this
- Are unprepared for life in modern Britain
See paragraphs 414 and 415 of the inspection handbook.